The current border of Israel (the one which excludes the West Bank and Gaza) is the Green Line, established between Israel and the neighbouring Arab states during the 1949 armistice that ended the 1948 war. This chain off events is widely accepted to have been sparked off by the Arab states rejection of the UNs Partition Plan (they also voted unanimously against it). This plan would have created and Arab AND a Jewish state. Following the Jewish declaration of independence, the surrounding Arab countries simultanously attacked. The Green Line was settled on as the accepted border of Israel by all parties.
"Although some Jews criticized aspects of the plan, the resolution was welcomed by most of the Jewish population.[citation needed] The Jewish leadership accepted the partition plan as “the indispensable minimum,”[29] glad as they were with the international recognition, but sorry that they didn’t get more.[30]
Arguing that the partition plan was unfair to the Arabs with regard to the population balance at that time, the representatives of the Palestinian Arabs and the Arab League firmly opposed the UN action and even rejected its authority to involve itself in the entire matter.[31] They upheld “that the rule of Palestine should revert to its inhabitants, in accordance with the provisions of […] the Charter of the United Nations.”[32] According to Article 73b of the Charter, the UN should develop self-government of the peoples in a territory under its administration."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948_Arab- … ition_Plan
Frankly, the UN Partition Plan was rejected and violated within days of the resolution passing.
Let’s just not talk about the British Mandate, because the whole thing was fucked up. I think the British have screwed over just about every country they were ever in charge of…
As for the Palestinian refugee issue, some tidbits I have come across (if anyone’s interested, I also have a full article written by Palestinian woman who grew up in Gaza, and is the author of “Now They Call Me Infidel”):
In 1957, the Refugee Conference at Homs, Syria, passed a resolution stating
that "Any discussion aimed at a solution of the Palestine problem which will
not be based on ensuring the refugees’ right to annihilate Israel will be
regarded as a desecration of the Arab people and an act of treason (Beirut
al Massa, July 15, 1957)."
jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jso … ugees.html
The Arab League issued instructions barring the Arab states from granting
citizenship to Palestinian Arab refugees (or their descendants) “to avoid
dissolution of their identity and protect their right to return to their
homeland”.
arabnews.com/?page=1§ion … =10&y=2004
In 1965 Egypt and other members of the Arab League signed the Casablanca
Protocol. The Protocol called upon Arab governments to grant Palestinians
residence permits, the right to work and the right to travel on a par with
national citizens, while at the same time emphasizing the importance of
preserving Palestinian identity and maintaining the refugee status of
Palestinians residing in host countries. On paper, at least, the members of
the Arab League expressed their solidarity with and sympathy for
Palestinians and their rights. On a practical level, however, the Casablanca
Protocol was not upheld.
forcedmigration.org/guides/fmo028/fmo028.pdf
Syrian Prime Minister, Khalid al-Azm, wrote in his 1973 memoirs:
Since 1948 it is we who demanded the return of the refugees […] while
it is we who made them leave. […] We brought disaster upon […] Arab
refugees, by inviting them and bringing pressure to bear upon them to leave.
[…] We have rendered them dispossessed. […] We have accustomed them to
begging. […] We have participated in lowering their moral and social
level. […] Then we exploited them in executing crimes of murder, arson,
and throwing bombs upon […] men, women and children-all this in the
service of political purposes.
In Egypt - In 1977 Sadat made the journey to Israel to seek a permanent
peace agreement. Israel and Egypt signed the Camp David Accords for Peace. A
year later, El-Sibai, the Minister of Culture, was killed in Cyprus by the
Palestinian faction group Abu Nidal El Banna in close coordination with
Iraqi intelligence. By killing Sabai, Iraq, which was taking the lead in
ostracizing Egypt for its contacts with Israel, aimed to punish Sadat and
give him a taste of what he too might expect (Seale 1992).
Since Abu Nidal was Palestinian, Palestinians in Egypt paid the price. On 28
February 1978 a ministerial decision was announced: all processes by which
Palestinians were being treated as nationals would be reconsidered. In 1978
two administrative regulations, no. 47 and no. 48,were issued by Sadat: all
regulations treating Palestinians as nationals were to be annulled.
Ministries quickly applied the new rules.
forcedmigration.org/guides/fmo028/fmo028.pdf
In Lebanon they face restrictions in the labour market, which contribute to
high levels of unemployment, low wages and poor working conditions. Until
2005, more than 70 jobs were barred to Palestinians - around 20 still are.
amnesty.org/en/library/asset … 80102007en
.html
An estimated 19,000 Palestinians have fled Iraq since 2003, leaving about
15,000 behind, according to the United Nations. About 350 Palestinians are
now stranded in a desolate refugee camp in a no man’s land at the Al Tanf
border crossing into Syria. For more than six months they have been denied
entry into Syria, and they refuse to return to Iraq. An additional 80
Palestinians are stuck on the Iraqi side of the line. Similar makeshift
settlements have cropped up along the border with Jordan.
“Killings, threats, intimidations and kidnappings are becoming the norm for
Palestinians in Iraq,” the U.N. Assistance Mission for Iraq said in a report
this month. "Many of these actions are reportedly carried out by the
militias wearing police or special forces uniform[s]."
washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/co … 2007012401
888_pf.html
Kuwait severed ties with PLO as a result of the Gulf War fall-out and cut
its financial backing.
After Saddam Hussein was driven out, the emirate expelled some 400,000
Palestinians, although a few thousand stayed or have since returned.
news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4089961.stm
Jordan is the only Arab country which uniformly gave citizenship rights to
Palestinian refugees present on its soil.
I’m not trying to spread propaganda, which is why I’ve included sources for as much as I can. Make of those what you will (I can’t guarantee that wikipedia is ironclad, but they also have their sources so feel free to investigate). Just bringing in another side of the argument that people may not be aware of or may be interested in debating. I also agree that the peace movement should not be linked with the ‘death to Israel’ movement. As an Israeli and a Jew, I identify with one but very much reject the other (I’ll let you guess which is which:P ). This is actually quite rare for me - I don’t usually get involved in political discussions for precisely that reason. It can wind up being quite an unpleasant experience.
In summary (sort of): the history of the region is confusing and very murky - neither side comes out smelling of roses.